Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

A classroom that includes disciples diagnosed with minimal idea damage needs to include useful intervention strategies. According to the Ameri brook Psychiatric Association, management famine Hyperactivity oerthrow is characterized by pervasive and learnmentally inappropriate difficulties with attention, impulsivity, and hyper activity.These students frequently curb difficulties hobby classroom rules and so-and-so show aggression, they argon to a fault to a greater extent in all probability to be rejected affectionately and gift more difficulty acquire a longsighted with other students. School-based services be usually needed as headspring as placement in a special facts of life class.The implementation of fashional strategies combined with the use of psychotropic medications plenty do increase to a favorable outcome and a greater happen of success. Children with hyperkinetic syndrome have antithetic deportments that give notice prevent them from tuition a nd those behaviors stern start from be mildly disruptive to al just approximately(prenominal) making it undoable for academic and social success.A variety of behavioral strategies tin be implemented to accommodate each childs needs. These strategies should include whatever(prenominal) chiseled, simple expectations or rules that outline expected behaviors for all students. These rules should be posted and reviewed frequently as easily as recognized and congratulationsd when they ar being followed.When all students represent the expectations, they have a goal they can lean towards. For some students having surplus prompts can military service them to maintain self-importance control and hit these goals. pedantic tasks can seem overwhelming for some students and thither atomic number 18 some ways to help these students complete their aim work. One effective schema is modifying the size of a task, breaking it into smaller assignments can help them achieve succes s.Gradually increasing the level of difficulty, and the time spent working on an academic activity might help some students learn self regulation. When they can complete a task they should be praised or rewarded. I shortly work in a classroom where there are modifications made for several students depending on the subject being taught.One student becomes overwhelmed by math lessons and feels defeated before he even begins. His behavior reflects this when he becomes disruptive and refuses to even try. Several strategies have been implemented to help him and are currently being used with success. Presenting the work in smaller assignments has helped him feel less overwhelmed.First I work up sure he understands the task and what the total assignment is, thence it is broken into sections for him to choose from. By choosing the section he feels near comfortable to begin with helps promote a positive attitude toward the overall task. Combining this with positive reinforcement and praise for staying on task and non disrupting others has been successful and this students average grade has increase by 10% since the beginning of the train year.Reinforcement based strategies deal a reward system can be a real helpful son of a bitch as a whole class strategy. The desired behavior and expectations need to be outlined as well as what the reward entrust be. These expectations need to be soul and realistic so that the student can see progress toward the goal.This strategy can be successful when used regularly and followed with with(predicate). This is a strategy that I currently work with and it brings positive burdens. I work in a 7th grade ASD classroom where there are clear classroom goals as well as individual goals. The students earn checks for short term rewards bid 15 minutes of IPad use or art time as well as a larger goal of Fri daytime Fun which is a free period of social interaction with classmates where they can choose a game or activity to play for an entire period.The goals are personalized and can be increased as the students ability grows. Having a long term goal also gives a student room to chastise their behavior and make up for times when behavior needed to be disciplineed. Not every student earns this reward all the time, but the teacher helps the students understand where they need improvement and how together they can work to achieve their goal for the next week.Both articles discuss the importance of the partnership mingled with parents, teachers, and counselors. All parties should have a good understanding of the strategies used at home office and in naturalise day. These strategies are the most successful when they are followed through by all. Open communication is very important and allows for an easier transition from school to home and home to school.For two students in my classroom we send home a Have a Good Day Chart which gives parents a look at their childs overall behaviors as well as their progress throughout the day. This helps us to see what time of day may be more challenging or if a particular subject causes discarded behaviors.If the student is on medication it can track the time of day behaviors are occurring and can help when parents speak with their childs doctor. Intervention services are essential to helping a student succeed. These providers evaluate from a different sight and can offer additional strategies for parents and teachers The way to achieve the scoop out outcome is for all caregivers to develop a plan that includes strategies that are both(prenominal) proactive and reactive.Encouraging the desirable behaviors and addressing undesirable actions help to teach self regulation. Tracking and recording data show growth and improvements. This helps every one(a) identify the strategies that work and where transposes are needed as the child grows. These strategies should be reviewed and discussed by everyone implementing them.This is especially important f or children in middle school or high school where there are multiple teachers working with the students each day. Consistent and clear guidelines can help students with hyperkinetic syndrome be successful and reach their lavish potential.Attention Deficit Hyperactivity DisorderWolraich and Baumgaertel in The Prevalence of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Based on the New DSM-IV Criteria (1996) observe that ADHD is the most common mental de vomit in children (p. 168). From a parents perspective, ADHD is a troubling disarray feared collectable to its adverse set up on the behavior of children. Wolraich and Baumgaertel (1996) further notes that the marks for the disorder are usually well developed by school age children and are also most clearly and consistently observed in the school and classroom environment (p.170).For the parent, ADHD is a disorder that should be given strict status as it may greatly affect their childs school performance and overall mental developm ent. The article gives a detailed study of the history of ADHD, consistently citing earlier enquiryes conducted in examining the disorder. The article also emphasizes the foregoing criteria in find out the disorder. In essence, Wolraich and Baumgaertel (1996) argue that DSM-IV as a bare-ass criteria for the prevalence of ADHD.In their research, the authors obtained teachers who testament fill-up a behavior rating scale for their students. Children from kindergarten to fifth part grade in a middle Tennessee county participated in a siemens study under the same research. muchover, the questionnaires used in the research consisted of a modified teacher rating scale in order to gibe the DSM-IV. In the studies, a principal component work out analysis with varimax whirling was used. Wolraich and Baumgaertel (1996) found similarities among the studies and that ADHD is indeed a habitual disorder among school children.With DSM-IV as the new criteria, the researchers confirm that t he scope of ADHD is more overabundant than we may already know. From the perspective of the parent, it can hardly be denied that the behaviors of their children may reflect symptoms of ADHD in one way or another. By noting the research findings of Wolraich and Baumgaertel (1996), parents may soon realize that their children may have ADHD or show symptoms of the disorder. It may cause a reason for cast down which can ultimately result to an increase in the efforts of parents to constantly monitoring device their childrens behavior both at home and in school.I have learned that ADHD is indeed a serious disorder because it is prevalent among children who, in their young age, are still on the verge of learning many things which are basic to ones life. If that is the case, ADHD poses a threat on the younger generation of learners which should be a sufficient reason for the learning institutions and key officers to assess the school services being provided and to create measures which will address the symptoms of the disorder manifested by young learners with ADHD. Without doubt, my perspective towards ADHD and those who have it has changed.The prevalence of ADHD among children taught me that the disorder is not a simple difficulty which has a ready-made solution. Because the disorder is in the beginning root in the human brain, ones attitude towards children with ADHD should not be in a harsh way. Learning to treat children with the disorder with respect and understanding is a must. If the facts presented by Wolraich and Baumgaertel (1996) are not get enough, I cannot think of any other compelling force to make people rethink their attitudes towards people with ADHD.In case one may wonder, the research done by the authors of the article is a credible research primarily because the authors have accurately and objectively presented their findings with no regard to personal bias. More importantly, the authors have the authority and scholastic records to back-up their efforts in the research. For one, Mark Wolraich is the Child education Centers director as well as a prof of Pediatrics in Vanderbilt University Medical Center.On the other hand, Anna Baumgaertel is an Assistant Professor of Pediatrics in the same university. Apart from the thing that the authors have presented, there are still other things I would like to know. For instance, can ADHD last a lifetime? Inasmuch as ADHD can be acquired by children at a young age, does it also indicate that the disorder can be carried over to ones adulthood or later years on life? Hyperactivity is one of the symptoms in determining if a person has the disorder.But it is certainly not the sole defining symptom in identifying traces of ADHD in a persons behavior. If that is the case, then it is more than likely that grown-ups and the elderly may also manifest ADHD. Or is it? Another thing that I would like to know is whether ADHD can be directly cured by medicines or medical and surgical operatio ns. Since the disorder has strong relation to a persons brain, can doctors make use of brain surgery in order to correct what seems to be a flaw in ones brain and eventually relieve the person suffering from ADHD?Or can it be the case that continuous medication through pills or peradventure through injection of medicine in the form of fluids can result to an immediate and long-lasting cure for the disorder? Lastly, if ADHD is best manifested through the behavior of children, what can parents do in order to counter or at least lessen the possibility for children with the disorder to suddenly change shape towards a hyperactive state?It seems much is yet to be explored about the nature of ADHD and those who suffer from it. For the moment, it is sufficient to know that the disorder is a serious problem and necessitates serious solutions for both parents, teachers and doctors. Reference Wolraich, M. & Baumgaertel, A. (1996). The Prevalence of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Ba sed on the New DSM-IV Criteria. Peabody Journal of Education, 71 (4), 168-186.Attention Deficit Hyperactivity DisorderAttention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (abbreviated as ADHD) is a term that used to describe a range of behavior related problems leading to lower concentration and poor attention. It is a problem which affects many people across all ages in the world.ADHD leads to development of many learning difficulties in children since they cannot pay full attention in class. bandage some individuals may exhibit one coach alone, other may exhibit a wide range of considerations including impulsiveness, restlessness, hyperactivity, and many others.The severity of the condition depends on the range of symptoms that are exhibited by the child. Apart from academic problems, children with ADHD also suffer from social problems and most of them have shown inability to socialise with their peers at home or at school. The condition is also cognise by other words like hyperkinetic due to the common factor of restlessness which is exhibited by children suffering from the condition.The condition can be categorise together with other neurobehavioral defects which affects a wide range of population. However, ADHD is more prevalent in children although statistics shows that the condition affects close to 5% of the people in the world regardless of their age. The symptoms the conditions are more manifest in children than in adults and are mainly noted in a close charge set up like in schools.There is also gender revolution in the prevalence of the condition and it has been diagnosed twice in males and females. In some case, the disease has been shown to be chronic where more than 45% of individuals who are diagnosed with the condition in their early age progress with the symptoms late to their adulthood. As individuals grow, they develop coping mechanisms which decrease the prevalence of the symptoms of the condition in later adulthood.ADHD presents one of the greatest academic challenges that teachers have to deal with. Unlike normal children who are attentive in class, ADHD children exhibit a wide range of attention difficult which affects their academic performance.Therefore it is the duty of the teacher to come up with working strategies to help ADHD children to perform like the rest in class. There are various strategies that have already been proved quite an effective in assisting ADHD children to improve their academic performance.This paper will discuss ADHD in school going children. The paper will first have an overview of ADHD including its definition, pathopysiology, symptoms, and treatment. Then it will review the social and academic difficulties that ADHD children goes through and finally it will review strategies that can be used by teachers to help students with ADHD to perform well in class.ADHDADHD was first recorded by Scottish physician horse parsley Crinchton in 1798. Alexander described a condition resulting to menta l restlessness which is very similar to the modern diagnoses of ADHD. However, ADHD was recognized in 1902 by a British pediatrics George Fredrick. Fredrick also defined a condition which was very similar to ADHD but he recognized it as an abnormal physical condition affecting children which as more evident in their studies ( stay put and Leslie, 2008).Extensive research on ADHD has shown that it can be caused by biological or environment factors and the combination of the two aggravates the symptoms of the condition. According to Cleave and Leslie (2008), there are three biological factors which can predispose individual to develop the symptoms of the condition includingChild temperament which lead to varied change in attitude and personality Genetic factors including inheritance of the condition from parents or close relatives Accidents leading to damage of the brain tissues which can be due to pre-birth problems or trauma which leads to hypotoxic damage of the brain Environmental causes have also been linked to development of the condition. Environmental causes include a wide range of factors that compose the growth environment (Stern and Stern, 2002).There are wide ranges of environment factors which can predispose individuals to the development of the condition including the family stress, the style of parenting earlier difficulties faced in education, growth in areas prone to negative behaviors like violence, peer influence, and many others. For example, research has shown that children who grow up with violent parents or alcoholic parents are prone to development of symptoms of the condition than others.In the United States ADHD has remained on of the most controversial social and medical issue. Different stakeholders like medics, social workers, media, and others have all questioned the diagnoses criteria in ADHD with some arguing that the condition is over diagnosed by the present DSM-IV criteria.However this controversy in the diagnoses criteria stem s from the systematic development of the diagnoses tool keeping into consideration that ADHD cannot be diagnosed using clinical signs.