Paul Cronan Analysis :: essays research papers

A.Relevant Dates and Factsa.1973 Paul Cronan hired by New England Telephone ( illuminate) straight from tall school. He began working as a file clerk.b.1983 Cronan was promoted to Service Technician.c.January to June 1985 Cronan was ill at various times, having symptoms of AIDS-related complex (ARC).d.June 1985 Cronan was denied permission to leave work for a medical checkup appointment by his supervisor, Charles OBrian. OBrian had given permission on two other occasions, but refused this third time unless Cronan revealed the reason for the appointment. Cronan told OBrian of his check out only after OBrian promised the information would be held in confidence. OBrian excused Cronan for his medical appointment. The next day, Cronan was required to see a company vivify who examined him for 10 minutes.Several days after the appointment, a co-worker phoned Cronan to say that she had heard Cronan was infected with AIDS.e.June 10, 1985 Cronan began receiving departmental sickness benefits after phoning his supervisor and requesting medical leave. single week later, Cronan began receiving company paid illness benefits.f.June 21, 1985 Cronans personal physician provided a medical certificate stating that Cronan was disabled for 3 months. This certificate was re sassyed and elongate for one year.g.During the summer of Cronans absence, graffiti was written on the bathroom walls at work.h.August 1985 NET department heads from Personnel, Labor Relations, and Medical began meeting to let the cat out of the bag about the potential impact of AIDS on the company and its workforce. OBrian is replaced by Griffin as Cronans supervisor.i.September 13, 1985 Cronan diagnosed with AIDS.j.September 16, 1985 NET announces new corporate AIDS policy.k.December 1985 Cronan, with the help of the Civil Liberties Union of Massachusetts, files a lawsuit in terra firma court against NET. He charges that NET violated state concealing laws and discrimination.l.January 1986 NE T tries to have the case moved to federal court.m.June 10, 1986 Cronans illness benefits run out and NET puts him on disability which equals 50% of his wages.n.October 16, 1986 Cronan and NET reach an out of court settlement where by Cronan is able to return to work and he receives a transfer.B. Critical Issuesa.Privacy Cronans right to privacy may have been violated when his supervisor revealed his medical information to management other than OBrians immediate supervisor.b.Discrimination Cronan may have been discriminated against by his dismissal when his medical benefits had run their course.

Claudius as Evil in Hamlet by William Shakespeare Essay -- William Sha

Claudius as Evil in Hamlet by William Shakespeare The abstract concept of abomination has vastly transformed throughout forgiving history, ranging for the supernatural and mystical to the very humans amongst whom we live. In modern times, evil has become an entirely ambiguous term. Who is evil? What is evil? Men like Adolph Hitler and ibn Talal Hussein Hussein have been garnered with the term evil for their atrocities against fellow humans. Now it seems evil has a solely human significance when a person violates the individual rights of others on a massive scale, he/she is evil. In Shakespeares time the Elizabethan era evil had a similar, but somewhat altered connotation in the human mind. Evil was an entity that violated the English Christian monarchial tradition. Therefore, a man such as Claudius, from Shakespeares play Hamlet, a cold-blooded murderer and a ruthless manipulator, who uses rank deeds to usurp the thrown is in direct violation with the Elizabethan societal norms, and hence he is an evil character. In the Elizabethan era, the royal public opinion poll was viewed as divinely touched and hence any action against the crown was an action against matinee idol. Claudius dismisses matinee idols right to control the crown by committing a murder most foul (I.v.27), yet he concedes that theres such divinity doth hedge a king (IV.v.121). Claudius admits that God influences the monarchy and yet he chooses to violate the divine monarchial progression. Hamlet recognizes Claudius evil nature beyond simply the murder of his father Hamlet sees that Claudius is corrupting all of Denmark. Claudius curb is compared to an unweeded garden/That grows to seed. Things rank and gross in nature/Possess it merely (I.ii.135-7), his influence causing the destruction of a previously beautiful environment. Claudius infectious evil must be eliminated, and Hamlet feels he is the only man who can do anything he pulls out all the stops and in the end accomplishes his goal. ability Hamlets foul and most unnatural murder (I.v.25) tops Claudius list of egregious sins, but most of his offenses are psychological rather than physical. exploitation his mastery of manipulation, Claudius, the incestuous and adulterate beast managed to win to his shameful lust the will of the virtuous queen, Gertrude (I.v.42-6). Gertrude could not be persuaded to switch husbands without a little literal tricker... ...er it be through direct divine action or controlled action of another hence, Hamlet crusades against Claudius and eventually triumphs. A trail of bodies lines Hamlets caterpillar tread towards vengeance, but Claudius is revealed, the yet unknowing world is toldHow these things came aboutOf carnal, bloody and unnatural actsOf deaths put on by cunning and forced causeAnd, in this upshot, purposes mistook steady downn on th inventors heads.(V.ii.359-64)Claudius true nature is exposed his treachery and heresy is fully recounted, and presumably he is sentenced to e ternal damnation for his moral infractions. Gods will prevails in a fundamentally Christian tale of murder in the name of self-interest and revenge in the name of legal expert and morality.Works CitedJoseph, Bertram. The Theme. Conscience and the King. London Chatto & Windus, Ltd., 1953. 130-51.Shakespeare, William. Hamlet. Ed. Cyrus Hoy. New York W. W. Norton, 1992.Spencer, Theodore. Hamlet and the Nature of Reality. Journal of English Literary History (December, 1938) 253-77.

The Influence of OPEC Essay -- Trade Organizations Economy Essays

The watch of OPEC The Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries, OPEC, was formed in Baghdad, Iraq in 1960 to coordinate and desegregate the policies of petroleum exporting countries. According to OPEC, their main(prenominal) objective is to check off the stabilisation of cover prices and the securing of a steady income to oil producing nations. In order to achieve this objective, the OPEC fraction nations meet at least bi-annually to decide whether to raise or cut back their collective oil mathematical product in order to maintain the prices they deem as stable. The main factors that are considered when formulating petroleum policy are the forecasts for economic addition rates and the projected demand for petroleum. (www.opec.org)Exemplary of the importance of OPEC is that the 11 member countries, (with the main contributor being Saudi Arabia), produce about 40% of the spheres uncut oil, and account for 55% of the worlds crude oil exports. At the end of 2001, OPEC had reserves of close 850 billion barrels of crude oil, which represents nearly 80% of the world total of over 1 trillion barrels. (www.platts.com/features/gasoline) As these numbers indicate, OPEC produces so much oil that they are in a position to exert considerable influence on petroleum supply levels and rig the price.The means by which OPEC exerts its influence is through setting production quotas. OPEC sets individual(a) production quotas for each member country that serve as production targets to ensure the level of petroleum supplied by OPEC does non exceed the demand for petroleum. These production targets for each country add up to a detonating device that OPEC desires not to exceed. In reality however, OPEC countries open traditionally exceeded the proposed ceiling. In October of 2002, OPEC set a ceiling of nearly 22 million barrels to be produced per day by the OPEC 10. However, nearly 25 million barrels were produced, 3 million more than the proposed ceiling. Iraq is not included in the quota system because their exports are controlled by the U.N. based on the solid food for oil program, hence the OPEC 10 instead of OPEC 11. (http//www.eia.doe.gov) With the majority of OPEC oil advent from Middle Eastern countries, the politics of the Middle East and in particular, the Persian Gulf, have played an important factor in the policies OPEC decides upon despite the fact that OP... ...educe dependance on imported oil is to reduce dependence on petroleum altogether. And the take up way to do this is to increase efficiency and reduce demand of oil. OPEC whitewash has considerable influence in determining the price per barrel of petroleum by setting quotas, but their best days are behind them. The return of non-OPEC exporters such as Canada, Russia, and Mexico have stripped the cartel of its power to single-handedly duck the petroleum market. The U.S. has benefited from the increased production of petroleum by non-OPEC natio ns and thus decrease their annual imports from the OPEC countries in recent years. However, the United States needs to address its obtuse zilch policy and accept the fact that oil will not run short forever and implement strategies that stress efficiency and will reduce the demand for fossil fuels in general.Works Cited(www.eia.doe.gov/mer)- net profit Website(http//www.nrdc.org/air/energy/fensec.asp)- Internet Website(www.opec.org)- Internet Website(www.petroleumworld.com)- Internet Website(www.platts.com/features/gasoline)- Internet Website(www.ssc.upenn.edu/polisci/psci260/OPECweb/OPECHIST.HTM)- Internet Website The Influence of OPEC Essay -- Trade Organizations Economy EssaysThe Influence of OPEC The Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries, OPEC, was formed in Baghdad, Iraq in 1960 to coordinate and unify the policies of petroleum exporting countries. According to OPEC, their main objective is to ensure the stabilization of oil prices and the sec uring of a steady income to oil producing nations. In order to achieve this objective, the OPEC member nations meet at least bi-annually to decide whether to raise or lower their collective oil production in order to maintain the prices they deem as stable. The main factors that are considered when formulating petroleum policy are the forecasts for economic growth rates and the projected demand for petroleum. (www.opec.org)Exemplary of the importance of OPEC is that the 11 member countries, (with the main contributor being Saudi Arabia), produce about 40% of the worlds crude oil, and account for 55% of the worlds crude oil exports. At the end of 2001, OPEC had reserves of nearly 850 billion barrels of crude oil, which represents nearly 80% of the world total of over 1 trillion barrels. (www.platts.com/features/gasoline) As these numbers indicate, OPEC produces so much oil that they are in a position to exert considerable influence on petroleum supply levels and manipulate the price.The means by which OPEC exerts its influence is through setting production quotas. OPEC sets individual production quotas for each member country that serve as production targets to ensure the level of petroleum supplied by OPEC does not exceed the demand for petroleum. These production targets for each country add up to a ceiling that OPEC desires not to exceed. In reality however, OPEC countries have traditionally exceeded the proposed ceiling. In October of 2002, OPEC set a ceiling of nearly 22 million barrels to be produced per day by the OPEC 10. However, nearly 25 million barrels were produced, 3 million more than the proposed ceiling. Iraq is not included in the quota system because their exports are controlled by the U.N. based on the food for oil program, hence the OPEC 10 instead of OPEC 11. (http//www.eia.doe.gov) With the majority of OPEC oil coming from Middle Eastern countries, the politics of the Middle East and in particular, the Persian Gulf, have play ed an important factor in the policies OPEC decides upon despite the fact that OP... ...educe dependence on imported oil is to reduce dependence on petroleum altogether. And the best way to do this is to increase efficiency and reduce demand of oil. OPEC still has considerable influence in determining the price per barrel of petroleum by setting quotas, but their best days are behind them. The emergence of non-OPEC exporters such as Canada, Russia, and Mexico have stripped the cartel of its power to single-handedly manipulate the petroleum market. The U.S. has benefited from the increased production of petroleum by non-OPEC nations and thus reduced their annual imports from the OPEC countries in recent years. However, the United States needs to address its obtuse energy policy and accept the fact that oil will not last forever and implement strategies that stress efficiency and will reduce the demand for fossil fuels in general.Works Cited(www.eia.doe.gov/mer)- Internet Websit e(http//www.nrdc.org/air/energy/fensec.asp)- Internet Website(www.opec.org)- Internet Website(www.petroleumworld.com)- Internet Website(www.platts.com/features/gasoline)- Internet Website(www.ssc.upenn.edu/polisci/psci260/OPECweb/OPECHIST.HTM)- Internet Website

Breast Cancer Essay -- essays research papers

meet cancer is the most common typewrite of cancer in women, it accounts for one of all three diagnoses in the United States. Breast cancers are malignancies, life threatening tumors that develops in one or both summits.A female dummy consists of adipose and fibrous connective wavers. The interior of the breast is divided into just about twenty different sections called lobes. Each of the lobes is farther divided in to lobules, which are structures that contain pocketable milk-producing glands. These glands place the milk into tiny ducts. These ducts bow the milk through out the breast and store in a chamber located below the nipple.Breast cancer can either be invasive (spreading) or noninvasive (non-spreading). An invasive cancer penetrates the wall of a duct. This type of cancer is the most common, constituting about seventy percent of all cases. Infiltrating lobular cancer that spreads through a wall of a lobule accounts for about eight percent of all breast cancer. Thi s type is likely to appear in both of the breast, often in seven separate locations.The cause of breast cancer is unknown but researchers are suggesting that estrogen, a hormone produced by the ovaries, may be involved. Studied suggest that the longer a women is exposed to the hormone (i.e. If she starts to menstruate before the geezerhood of twelve or if she went through menopause after the age of fifty-five and/or had children after the age of thirty) are at a greater risk. Recently two breast cancer susceptibility genes have been identified. The first one is BRCA1 (a flaw in this gene is common to those who have breast cancer) and the second is BRCA2 (a defect in this gene is associated with breast cancer alone). People who have a mutated BRCA1 gene have an eighty-six percent risk of developing breast cancer by the age of seventy.Women are one hundred times more likely to get breast cancer than men. More than eighty percent of breast cancer bechance in women over the age of fi fty. At the age of forty her odds are one in two hundred and seventeen (217), and in women young than thirty they account for only one and a half percent of all breast cancer cases. About five percent of all breast cancers are inherited. Those with a family history of breast cancer in a first-degree relative (i.e. mother, sister, and daughter) are two to three times the risk of the general population.Women who take hormo... ...f the nipple was removed it can be rebuilt from other body tissue and color is applied using tattoo techniques.Recurrence is always a sincere event. Recurrence usually happens in two or three cases out of ten. There are three ways in which cancer can lose in your breast. The most common recurrence is in the conserved breast in the region of the original cancer. If this type of cancer hasnt spread consequently it can be treated with a mastectomy. The other kind of recurrence involves the lymph nodes. If it is not considered to be a metastasis (spread to ot her areas) it can be treated with further surgery or radiation. A recurrence in the scar or chest wall after a mastectomy is more serious. Because all your breast tissue has been removed, it is impossible for cancer to be residual, and therefore it must have traveled from the lymphatic system or blood stream.In conclusion it is very of the essence(predicate) that women do daily/monthly breast examinations and if by your age (40 or older) or if the woman has specific risk factors then a mammogram should be do on a yearly or biannual basis. With all the advancement of medicine today, hopefully a cure for breast cancer will be in the near future.

The Future of Cyborgs Essay -- Technology Robots

The Future of CyborgsTerminator and Bladerunner, portrayed cyborgs or cybernetic organisms as creatures of destruction. Are they really as horrible as the movies make them prohibited to be? They can be more useful than perceived it is necessary to first perfect the technology involved in creating and operating them. In this paper, I will describe how these cyborgs work and how they are portrayed in the movies. Furthermore, I will explain the helpful ways that they are expected to perform in the future.Cyborgs are a very complex creation of the future. The general concept is that they cannot be recognized as non- mankinds. Although it has a programmed mission, this unit thinks and reacts on its own. The understructure is do of a very strong material that resists many dangers for example, gunshots and fire. Cyborgs are a self-contained unit under a layer of human flesh. The layer of human flesh that covers the frame is a biological organism. It has different layers and has a capillar y system that is flowing with blood. Basically, a cyborg is undetectable to a human without spare means and equipment.Cyborgs are portrayed as an evil force in Terminator and Bladerunner. In Terminator, the cyborg is a killing machine sent covering in time from the future. The mission of the cyborg is to terminate the mother of a rebellion leader before he is born. Throughout the movie, the Terminator takes many gunshots and withstands punishments that would put down a humans frail body. The Terminator experiences a high-speed car crash and walks away nearly unharmed. His layer of flesh is damaged, but he proceeds to cut the damaged portion away and continues his mission. Near the end of the movie, the Terminator is in a fiery explosion involving a... ...us functions. In a legions aspect, they could be used as guards to patrol the base, or put in the front line to lead the troops into questionable situations. In the medical field, they could be used as assistants during surgery and childbirth and once the technology is perfected, they could perform these procedures on their own. They could also be used in biohazardous material recovery and decontamination. Finally, if generous money was available, they could be purchased as maids in a household. As you can see, even though they are portrayed as an evil force in the movies, cyborgs could be a great asset to the world once the technology is perfected.BibliographyTerminator. Dir. James Cameron Perf. Arnold Schwarzenegger,Michael Biehn, Linda Hamilton. MGM, 1984.Bladerunner. Dir. Ridley Scott. Harrison Ford, Rutger Hauer. Columbia TriStar, Warner Bros., 1982.

The Future of Cyborgs Essay -- Technology Robots

The Future of CyborgsTerminator and Bladerunner, portrayed cyborgs or cybernetic organisms as creatures of destruction. Are they really as horrible as the movies make them out to be? They can be more useful than perceived it is necessary to first perfect the technology involved in creating and operating them. In this paper, I willing describe how these cyborgs work and how they be portrayed in the movies. Furthermore, I will explain the helpful ways that they are expected to perform in the future.Cyborgs are a very complex creation of the future. The general concept is that they cannot be recognized as non-humans. Although it has a programmed mission, this unit thinks and reacts on its own. The understructure is made of a very strong material that resists many dangers for example, gunshots and fire. Cyborgs are a self-contained unit under a layer of human general anatomy. The layer of human flesh that covers the frame is a biological organism. It has different layers and has a cap illary system that is flowing with blood. Basically, a cyborg is undetectable to a human without special way of life and equipment.Cyborgs are portrayed as an evil force in Terminator and Bladerunner. In Terminator, the cyborg is a killing machine sent back in time from the future. The mission of the cyborg is to terminate the mother of a rebellion leader before he is born. Throughout the movie, the Terminator takes many gunshots and withstands punishments that would destroy a humans frail body. The Terminator experiences a high-speed car crash and walks away nearly unharmed. His layer of flesh is damaged, but he income tax return to cut the damaged portion away and continues his mission. Near the end of the movie, the Terminator is in a fiery explosion involving a... ...us functions. In a military aspect, they could be apply as guards to patrol the base, or put in the front line to lead the troops into questionable situations. In the medical field, they could be used as assista nts during surgery and childbirth and once the technology is perfected, they could perform these procedures on their own. They could also be used in biohazardous material recovery and decontamination. Finally, if enough capital was available, they could be purchased as maids in a household. As you can see, even though they are portrayed as an evil force in the movies, cyborgs could be a great asset to the world once the technology is perfected.BibliographyTerminator. Dir. James Cameron Perf. Arnold Schwarzenegger,Michael Biehn, Linda Hamilton. MGM, 1984.Bladerunner. Dir. Ridley Scott. Harrison Ford, Rutger Hauer. Columbia TriStar, Warner Bros., 1982.

Perfect Teacher Essay

In nowadays when its getting harder and harder to attract childrens and students to learn something, when they are often sitting attached to their computers and doing nothing, its very important to be a sober instructor, to know how to guard childrens and students be more interested in studying and to make them spend more and more time on their homework.Im a student too and from my point of view teachers must have a good character, good attitudes, good teaching skills, and have a good relation with the students. They must be creative in order to make the students butt easily understand or to make the study hours more enjoyable, so that the students would not be bored. Rather than just speaking and explaining in front of the class, the teacher can also have some experiment or other fun activity like researching about weather to increase the students knowledge by doing something, not only by listening.But I think the most important thing is the desire to be a good teacher. This me ans the one who succeeds in every aspect of teaching, just like the teachers recognize students who in truth try to be good students, Students also recognize teachers who really want to be good teachers. Thats just my opinion about being a good teacher, or what should you do to be one, but I think that all students would agree with me that if all teacher would be like I said, there would be more students spending their time studying.

Imperfect Reality, Unattainable Dream Essay

A dream creates ideal circumstances which be not ideal in truthfulness. Reality instigates the destruction of the ideal and therefore encourages superstar to fantasize about that which is unattainable in actuality. In ones imperfect reality, a dream is unattainable thus, one may often via media or modify his dream in order for it to match or perhaps justify the practical. This imperfect reality generates an unattainable dream. Jay Gatsbys dis conjurationment in F. Scott Fitzgeralds The Great Gatsby permits Gatsby to imagine that which will never exist. When his reality and fantasy collide in such a way, his fantasy perishes, and additional conflicted dreams and imperfect reality ensue. Gatsbys passion is an exercise in futility because reality prohibits the execution of such a dream. Gatsbys passionate illusion develops based on wishes which cannot be met in his reality.Human wonder allows him to envision his fantastic image however, he finds that it is pervaded with a melanchol y beauty because the potential of his beautiful dream deteriorates in his harsh sensible conception (Fitzgerald 152).Gatsby fails to realize that Daisy is the type of woman who cannot be over- dreamed for she lives her life in a concrete world with which Gatsby is unfamiliar (Fitzgerald 96). Gatsbys failure to sleep together that Daisy flourishes in the material world leads him to believe that she loves him, and that she never loved her husband (Fitzgerald 103). Gatsbys reality does not match his fantasy, though, for he loses the freshest and the best his reality offers when Daisy refuses to draw him (Fitzgerald 153). His reality and his dream become unaligned after Daisys refusal he begins to reconstruct and embellish his vision and consequently, he exhausts and eradicates his reality. Gatsbys intention to marry and love Daisy is beneficial until he exhausts the tangible. He begins to revere his dream and, as a result, he fails to recognize that his illusion is unfeasible in a ctuality.He continues to de-humanize Daisy until he no bimestrial loves her, but rather his illusion of her. Daisys flaws are human, but Gatsby eliminates such flaws in his dream therefore he sets a standard which Daisy never achieves. Gatsby ultimately pays a high price for living too long with a single dream and never regains a sense of the old warm world where everything is definite and concrete he continues to try to create what is no longer tangible (Fitzgerald 161.161.134). His attempts are in vain because his reality never matches his fantasy his dreams are passionate but Gatsbys realization that his idealized vision is neither practical nor palpable both nonliterally and physically deteriorates him. When the colossal significance of his illusion vanishes, only the dead dream keeps him alive (Fitzgerald 93.134).The destruction of Gatsbys dream parallels the destruction of innocence. The eradication of his sole hope and desire forces Gatsby into a world hostile to him real ity. The concrete world slowly deteriorates Gatsbys mind until the holocaust is complete (Fitzgerald 162). Gatsbys physical death is not as invariably saddening as the metaphorical death of his dream, for upon the destruction of his dream, he has nothing for which to live The standards set in Gatsbys dream never match his reality, thus his continued attempts to achieve such standards are in vain. Unfortunately, his disillusionment allows a cyclical pattern to develop in which his imperfect reality constantly fuels his dream. Without the recognition that his dream will never match his reality, Gatsby remains an unsatisfied man. His dissatisfaction consequently corrupts his dream and instigates the cycle of discontent with which he lives until his unfortunate death.

Riding a Bike vs Driving a Car

Brian Morris Dr. Bunnell 11/25/2012 Revised Draft Comp atomic number 18/Contrast Essay Young children always profit that age where all they want to do is learn how to ride a bike well for the most part young children. They pray for a sassy bicycle for Christmas and the solar day hits them like homework on a school night, that they most likely forgot about. Many energise the audacity to try to learn without raising wheels, but usually fail. Over time they start to realize in that respect are bigger and better things in life such as larn how to lug a car. They constantly beg their parents to let them practice whimsical or to get their hands on a pair of new car keys.Both learning how to drive a car and learning how to ride a bicycle surprisingly have many differences as well as similarities. instruction how to ride a bike starting off to some may seem easy, but is generally difficult to most. Learning this is whiz of the most favourite as well as important tasks to growin g up. Ones body is simply not employ to the gravitational pull and repose when their feet begin liftoff, ending at the landing zone of the foot pedals. Most require the assistance of training wheels to begin practice of riding a bike. With these, there is a total of quartet wheels, making little to no individual balancing skill.Training wheels also help people learn to control their pedaling speed, movement, and turning. Once training wheels are taken off, the admittedly test to be passed is about to begin. These next few steps to riding a bike with perfection are much different than learning how to drive a car. Stumbling and doing over is a constant problem when starting to ride a bike. On the other hand, a person bathroomt fall over when driving in a car With practice, learning to ride in a straight line eventually is a piece of cake. Next is learning how to turn while pedaling forward. The trick is not to lean ones entire body while turning.This will simply makes people lo se their balance and therefore, fall. Again, practice is key to be able to turn correctly with a stabilized balance. Finally, braking is the final thing to learn. This is the simplest, and can be done with little practice. pasture brake system are located by the handlebars on a bicycle, while the brakes are located by the feet when driving. Some people say learning to adjust ones feet to use the brakes in a car is like learning how to write with another hand. When one can fully ride a bicycle, there are huge advantages and differences over driving a car.First, people can get fit from riding a bicycle around Sitting in a car seat instead of pedaling with legs is not going to help someone lose weight. Yet another difference between the two is cars passing pollutants into the atmosphere, while bicycles release 100% clean energy. Teenagers go crazy the day they hear, Congratulations, you passed your drivers exam. To be able to hear those magic words, it takes true time and dedicatio n. The day a teenager obtains their learners permit, their world changes. They start obsessing about learning how to drive but there are abilities that need to be learned.First, they must learn how to in near order use the gas and brake pedals. This may be one of the easiest to some, but the hardest to others. A common error is confusing the brake between the gas which can be extremely drastic. Next, they must learn how to turn, and to be able to understand their surroundings. Drivers need to know much much about their surroundings, than bicyclists in general. There are literally hundreds of street signs that must be interpreted to get a drivers license. On the contrary, there are little to no street signs used for bicyclists, take out in some areas.Finally, practicing to drive in a variety of weather conditions are the final skill that must be achieved to be a good driver. Snow and rain are the major weather types that make driving, as well as bicycling difficult. Driving a car l egally is a privilege and truly has distinct differences. One major difference between riding a bike and driving a car, is that when driving, there is a stage set more practice involved. There are also no licenses or permits for riding a bicycle. Using a bicycle as a word form of transportation is much cheaper, being that the average bicycle is $40-$1000, while the average car generally ranges from $750-$25,000.Another difference is that in driving, there are many more aspects to take into consideration that require attention. On the other hand, there are multiple similarities between driving a car and riding a bike. The main one is that with time and dedication, both of these abilities can be achieved. Also, major coordination as well as focus is necessary to be able to do every tasks. Finally, there needs to be a form of assisting, such as parents or a friend to teach someone how or to practice driving/riding a bike. How can these two topics relate to an adults life?Both of the se also are a great form of transportation that have been used for years and many more to come. Drivers need to be wary about bicyclists, and vice versa. Cars as well as bicycles also need to be powerful checked often on their tire pressure, and even brake lines. Driving on a flat tire or having worn out brake lines can be quite the unexpected occurrence. In conclusion, learning how to ride a bike and learning how to drive a car both have similarities while being two completely different skills. Riding a bike and driving a car are two forms of transportation although one is faster than the other.They both require a large amount of hand-eye coordination although bicycling requires more balance. Learning how to ride a bike is a milestone in a young childs life, while learning how to drive a car is a milestone in a teenagers life. A big part of learning how to ride a bike and learning how to drive a car is putting in the time and effort and getting enough practice. Without practice an d determination, the skills required for both activities would not be adequate enough for safe travel. Whether similar or different, learning how to ride a bike and learning how to drive a car are both essential lessons in ones life.

Ethics of Us Army

ETHICAL CULTURE AUDIT of the United States troops By Andrew Driscoll March 16, 2013 Each soldier in the United States Army, or any phalanx service, will go through very different experiences with the ethical conclusion of their unit of measurement of measurement. Is this experience due to the organizational glossiness or how its leaders operate within that culture that creates such an unique experience for every soldier? The point is that if you ask 10 soldiers to conduct an ethical culture audit of the military, I believe you will get 10 different answers that fall on all points on the continuum.Responses that the Army is highly ethical would discern from soldiers who have internalized cultural expectations (p. 152). Since the Army has such a strong culture, ethical or not, on that point be always going to be individuals who fight that culture and resist the internalization of some or all the values. Typically these soldiers separate from the military during their initial training or when their first time commitment is up, normally 2-3 years. From my experience the United States Army has a highly ethical culture.One could sight any of several dozen s keisterdals or investigations from Abu Grhaib prison house abuse to the 101st airborne soldiers raping and killing a family of five in Iraq to counter my assessment. But, I argue that these incidents occurred in spite of the strong culture, where a combination of individual character traits (p. 198) and/or trauma suffered in combat operations caused unethical expression contrary to the ethical training they have. To help prevent such incidents and also study behavior the US Army has developed the Center for the Army Profession and Ethic.Since 2008 the Army has incorporated the research from this organization and trained its mid-level leaders to implement its findings at the unit level. To have a highly ethical organization, you need leaders that is committed to continuous improvement and not complacent with the current culture. In an organization with everywhere 500,000 active soldiers the mentality has to be, there is always room for improvement. This mentality of continuous improvement must also come from the leadership of the military to be impressive and implemented.Similar to Kellehers philosophy of serving the needs of employees (p. 156), the Army has a strong tradition of taking cargon of soldiers and their families so they can take care of the country. The leadership of the Army has develop up and participates in numerous programs to assist soldiers with any issue from financial to marital problems. I completed my undergraduate education in Finance and then joined the military. I had no idea how to do my taxes and the Army taught me, not a $100,000 plus education. Once I knew how to do my taxes, as a junior leader I was required to assist my soldiers.Formal leadership in the military is prominent, from the understanding the Uniform Code of military Justice, to daily t onic actions for very minor offenses that in other organizations would probably go unnoticed. This relationship tends to be very formal as all rules and regulations are scripted deal and trained during your initial 12 weeks of basic training. The leader is also responsible for continuous training to include a weekly briefing on pricey decision reservation when off duty. The at large(p) aspect is very unique for each leader, it typically comes from written policies that the leader permits his soldiers to dis-obey.Whether it is early dismissal on Friday, or a motto against regulations, it builds a trust a with soldiers that their leader is on their side as well. Except in extreme cases such as the Abu Grhaib prison unit, I have found that the informal systems are in alignment with the formal ones and where they differentiate are so minor that it does not cause issues. The dress hat way to summarize ethical leadership is to know that soldiers react to your actions more than they d o your words. A common Army Office motto is Lead by Example. This motto outflank prevents hypocritical leadership (p. 162). To get the right type of leadership in the Army, recruiters look at every candidate with the SAL method, Student, Athlete, Leader. Candidates are presumptuousness a score based on GPA, sports, clubs and leadership rolls held. The Army has historically not allowed individuals with a history of crime, drug abuse or cheating in, only when due to recruitment issues they have started to waive some requirements to meet goals. This shift has been criticized and said to have diminished the quality of the US soldier.It was interesting to see making goals or the number this as the main reason to waive values in Aarons speech this week. It appears no organization is free of the pressure to bring to pass on a quantitative measure regardless of the effect to values. Selection for promotion in the Army is also very rigorous and has a set of standards that are very consis tent. This prevents fraud and any possible quid pro quo from occurring. For General officers their appointments have to be confirmed by Congress and top sneaking(a) security clearance requires a polygraph test.This ensures that the nations military decision makers and individuals with information can be trusted and have been vetted. The US Armys values, mission bidding and policies are simple only have withstood the test of time. The mission of winning the nations wars has remained constant, hardly Congress has added sub-statements to ensure responsibility and protection of the American people. In history winning at all cost was commonplace for the military especially in WWII. Since then collateral damage and fratricide are no doggeder acceptable consequences to accomplish the mission.The values of the military (leadership, duty, respect, selfless service, honor, integrity, and personal courage) are instilled from day one, and put on your chest right close to your dog tags for every day there after. It is these values that help leaders and soldiers accomplish the mission with the best course of action, rather than the quickest or to the highest degree definitive. As for policies, the military has a indemnity for how to do just about everything. The UCMJ is just the tip of policies in the US Army. Every branch, every machine, every unit has a manual to dictate policy.Very rarely does a situation occur in peacetime in the military that there is not a written policy to follow. Ethics training starts before day one in the military. Before you report to initial training you take an oath of office or preventive that defines your roll in the military and commitment to uphold the constitution. Everyday of 12 weeks in basic training you recite the values and Ethos of the Army. In the past there had been issues that units did not operate according to individual training, so all over the last decade all training programs have been updated to ensure the best pos sible payoff of how the real Army is.Companies seek soldiers after their service for one main reason, they have had the best training in their field possible, and I believe this is holds honest for values as well. Performance management in the military is very structured. there is a system in place and the only thing preventing a soldier from getting a fair and thorough evaluation is their own failure to self evaluate. Each unit has very different performance tasks to evaluate, but all soldiers are evaluated on the seven values of the Army at least twice a year.There is also reverse evaluations where soldiers have the opportunity to unfavorable judgment their leaders. Lastly after every mission the Army conducts and after action review where everyone can provide input. There is always a mandatory 3 positive comments period and three improves to ensure continuous improvement while remaining positive. For most situations the military has set up a structure where it is infeasible to cheat on evaluations. Whether the tasks are team or individualized, the test results are hard to accomplish without actually doing the work.The key to performance management in the military is that the soldier knows what is expected of him or her and the consequences of not meeting those expectations, similar to how Joe Paterno treated his organization. The Armys Organization structure is outlined by the chemical chain of command. When to go above or around the chain of command is clearly defined in UCMJ as well as when you are authorized to dis-obey an order from that chain of command. While it is easy to say it is all written down, application in combat is the real test. The leadership in the organization will determine whether it whole kit and boodle in the field or not.Soldiers can not be fearful of reporting wrong doing or negative results, and that comes down to their leaders to ensure what is written is implemented. The Militarys decision making process (MDMP) is a 300 p lus page manual of which I took a one month long course on learning the process. This process rivals six-sigma for in depth analyzing a problem and how to take the best course of action. The best example I can provide is that MDMP alone and how it relates to ethical culture in the military could be a five-page introduction.The Informal cultural system of the Army is the one that is most visualized in the movies and stories, from Code Reds in A Few Good Men, to the heroics of the Band of Brothers in WWII these are the moments that soldiers live for. We spoke of the formal evaluation system, but the informal bond between leaders and soldiers is what really makes a soldier perform his duties to the best of his ability. Heroes are both formally and informally recognized. For every Medal of watch winner there are 100 soldiers that have done impressive tasks that civilians could only imagine accomplishing.Norms, if they are positive are usually translated into doctrine over time, so mos t Norms only last a few years until they are wholly accepted. Rituals however are very unit focused and are usually never written down. They are passed from leader to leader as a ritual itself during the change of command. Even today, 5 years removed from the military, the stories we herald amongst military friends are what motivate my actions to do the right thing. When we tell stories, you will immediately notice that we are speaking a language or mark that is only understood by a few.Many of our values are questioned from the outside, by the way we speak in jargon or our fondness of tobacco and alcohol, but simply look at the actions of a military person and you will see his own language of values is thru deeds not words, my unit motto. ground on the examples and reading chapter 5, I believe even more so that the Army is a highly ethical organization. Compared to the organizations in the reading and the others I have worked for, there is no group who puts more time and effort to ensuring values in its actions and people than the US Army.While there are individuals who stray from the Army values, typically in their informal leadership methods, as a whole the formal and informal culture of the US Army are complimentary and exist to best promote the welfare of the Untied States. It is hard to criticize something you love, and that has been developing and evolving continuously over 200 years by some of the greatest leaders the mankind has ever seen. There is one key element to ensure the ethical culture environment of the US Army, to recruit personnel at the highest level possible.The Army cannot waiver in its recruitment of new soldiers to meet the numbers. Lowering the requirements for entry will only weaken the organizations culture and ethical standards. There are always other areas fro improvement, but this one area is more important than all the others combined. I Andrew S. Driscoll affirm that I have neither given, utilized, received or witnessed un authorized aid on this deliverable and have completed this work honestly and according to the professors guidelines.

Capsim Business Simulations

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Importance of Spoken English Language

The importance of position as a spoken address began as a result of the colonial era, when European strengths took to the seas in order to find new lands and natural resources. The effects of that time can still be felt in the number of English let looseers in India, select parts of Asia and Africa, and North America. The influence of English grew stronger in the 20th century, with the increased mobility of populations, the growth of the coupled States as an economic power, and the presence of worldwideistic media in everyday life.As of 2010 there are fewer native speakers of English than Chinese, though English is spoken in more places, and more people speak English as a assist language. According to the 2004 World Factbook, 49 countries list English as their prescribed language, not counting the joined States and the joined Kingdom, which do not list any official language but role predominantly English. In 2001, a poll of the 189 member countries in the United Nations sho wed that 120 of them preferred to use English to communicate with other embassies, while 40 chose French and 20 wanted Spanish.Aside from the United Nations, many other international organizations operate in English. After World War II, key financial institutions were created in English, including the International Monetary entrepot and the World Bank. The World Trade brass instrument and a variety of other UN affiliates such the World Food Program and the World Health Organization use English in spoken and scripted communication. Media Influence Five of the largest broadcasting companies (CBS, NBC, ABC, BBC and CBC) transmit in English, reaching across the world through satellite television and local holdings.Estimates for the number of people apply the Internet in English lie only slightly up of users in Chinese, but rise up ahead of Spanish and other major languages. In the publishing industry, English is also well ahead 28 percent of books published annually are in Englis h, and the market for books in English for second language speakers is growing. Factors The amount of influence a language has depends on the number of native and secondary speakers, as well as the population and economic power of the countries in which it is spoken.Other factors include the number of major fields that use the language, such as branches of science and diplomacy, and its international literary prestige, to a lesser degree. English currently dominates in science and technology, a position that it took over from German after World War I. Scientific journals publish in English, and many researchers, especially in physics, chemistry and biology, use English as their working language.Importance of Spoken English LanguageThe importance of English as a spoken language began as a result of the colonial era, when European powers took to the seas in order to find new lands and natural resources. The effects of that time can still be felt in the number of English speakers in I ndia, select parts of Asia and Africa, and North America.The influence of English grew stronger in the 20th century, with the increased mobility of populations, the growth of the United States as an economic power, and the presence of international media in everyday life.As of 2010 there are fewer native speakers of English than Chinese, though English is spoken in more places, and more people speak English as a second language. According to the 2004 World Factbook, 49 countries list English as their official language, not counting the United States and the United Kingdom, which do not list any official language but use predominantly English. In 2001, a poll of the 189 member countries in the United Nations showed that 120 of them preferred to use English to communicate with other embassies, while 40 chose French and 20 wanted Spanish.Aside from the United Nations, many other international organizations operate in English. After World War II, key financial institutions were created in English, including the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank.The World Trade Organization and a variety of other UN affiliates such the World Food Program and the World Health Organization use English in spoken and written communication. Media Influence Five of the largest broadcasting companies (CBS, NBC, ABC, BBC and CBC) transmit in English, reaching across the world through satellite television and local holdings.Estimates for the number of people using the Internet in English lie only slightly ahead of users in Chinese, but well ahead of Spanish and other major languages. In the publishing industry, English is also well ahead 28 percent of books published annually are in English, and the market for books in English for second language speakers is growing.Factors The amount of influence a language has depends on the number of native and secondary speakers, as well as the population and economic power of the countries in which it is spoken.Other factors include the nu mber of major fields that use the language, such as branches of science and diplomacy, and its international literary prestige, to a lesser degree.English currently dominates in science and technology, a position that it took over from German after World War I. Scientific journals publish in English, and many researchers, especially in physics, chemistry and biology, use English as their working language.

Psychology of Religion

Religion has been approximately since the earliest days. Its presence in the lives of ancient people has provided just about of the greatest defining moments for them. Not only were their lives incur been dramatically changed by their worship of theology nonwithstanding the history of the whole spectral community in the world as well. Over time, man has evolved and transform his form of worship into a higher, or in his terms, grander, level of adoration.The earliest and most transparent symbols of mans beau ideal are the nature around him, fire, sun, water, animals, trees, etc. They were a constant reminder of an eternal presence of a higher organism that never fails to love and protect his people. This being, who has been given countless names, has served as man attractives greatest terrible source of strength and inspiration.However, man, collect to his insatiable quest and desire to worship more and to know God more, has in turn faced maven of his most painful fates in terms of his religious belief. He has pushed himself harder to be the genius among a thousand m whatever who intimately knows God best. This crusade to rise above the questionable flocks of God provided a feeling that aims perfection at all costs.Perfection, in a strictest sense, does not gestate mis dramatises, provides the harshest critiques, and requires the utmost attention and dedication. There is no place for failure, or if there would be one, a old(prenominal) penance is needed, sometimes to the point of being physically painful.When man aims perfection in his religion and worship, he opens to attitudes, behaviors, beliefs, and rituals that would stir him appear higher and grander than anyone else. This perception of a perfect act of worship bring abouts the central remnant in animation, diminishing all that stands in the style, including the most basic and essential aspects of human life relationships.To what finish of faith, worship, and religion is carry oned extreme and un rock-loving? What makes a certain(p) behavior or belief unusual or sometimes, hurtful at all? To give a clearer and more definite answers to the questions basically require an commentary of how an private expresses his faith.Psychologists, psychotherapists, and those who cater professionally and medical checkuply to the treatment and study of the mental and ruttish well-being put one over been witnesses to the importance of ones faith in his daily life. Religion, as mentioned earlier, whoremonger provide inspiration and strength to gesture forward and to recover tremendously from lifes greatest challenges and battles.It is not against psychology or any other stolon of medical science to deprive an individual of an encouragement to grow on his faith. But neither is it patient of and kind towards harmful and unhealthy behaviors that resulted from that exact same faith. Faith, religion, worship or any forma of service that gives internal peace for the heart and mind should be nothing but beneficial for a someone.However, man has the intent to go beyond what he is capable of. Religion has been turned into something that easily masks the harsh challenges of life. While it has been erst a gentle source of inspiration, it has become a dark shadow that constantly haunts a person to be extremely loyal, devoted, and focused in his act of faith. Psychology would tell us to face life equipped with mental and emotional knowledge and strength, not with dangerous behaviors and conduct.Therapists and researchers have provided us evidences and facts over the years that proved a persons addiction to perfect his form and style of worship. Like any other forms of cry drugs, alcohol, sex, and food religion harms the physical health, poisons the mind, and affects interpersonal relationships.When there is too much time and attention sacred to something, a tendency to be bias in thinking and judgment would eventually occur. While a prayer is only supp osed to be uttered in silence and solace, addiction to religion triggers brutal arguments and becomes a rationalization to hide or cover inner personal issues, like anger, rage, lust, or wrong-doingIn the article written by Ryan & VanVonderen (2000), religious addiction was defined by looking at the whole addiction process in general. Addiction, like substance use, for instance, can change our moods. Alcohol and drugs can give us sensations during the onset of use. The sensations that we feel may be pleasant at all, but in order for our bodies to consistently feel that way, we need to be addicted to it, which requires or pushes us to use more.But that isnt constantly the case for some. For them, substance use, or the addiction, could stop them from feeling anything at all.Numbness is what they desire, probably to free themselves from experiencing emotional pain. Whatever the reasons for continuous use, this process of dependence to achieve a certain feeling is called tolerance. The hardest part in the whole addiction is the withdrawal. This happens when the substance is not always available or present making its absence and the effectuate it brings to our body unbearably painful and hard.Like substance use, religious addiction can as well as be experienced through these three processes, the change of moods, tolerance and withdrawal. Slobodzien, in his compilation of literature studies by various researchers, cited that there are two types of addiction. Alcohol, drugs, and food fall under substance addiction, while relationship, sex, and religion fall under process addiction.Perhaps a more definite way to define religious addiction is the extreme or fanatical way one person dedicates himself to his religion. There are certain specific rituals that he religiously practices, to the point of being compulsive. The practice then or the cultism becomes a pathological and physiological habiliments that makes him too dependent on the rituals or the religion, a s a whole.Normally, a devout person balances things out in terms of his faith and his responsibilities. He knows how to stand back and permit his faith work out for the best, but at the same time he as well as knows how and when to take charge. An individual may have intense faith and devotion to a god, but he doesnt make it a habit to be compulsively perfect and present in every practice and ritual. phantasmal addiction becomes bad or unhealthy when a person starts to develop this idea or conceit that religion, per se, can solve the problems in life. Addicts develop this infatuated grasp of a stress-and-problem-free life that only happens when one is habitually practicing a certain ritual. Their strict mental attachment to their practices draws them away from the real picture of life, which is conventionalismly well(p) of challenges and strife that we actually have to face and overcome.This imagination can turn into a hallucination, something they falsely and extremely beli eved in. And like substance addiction, a mood pattern gradually develops, and makes them experience both the processes and effects of tolerance and withdrawal.Shifting our focus away from extreme results of addiction to religion, that is, suicide, murder, and self-injury, we find ordinary behaviors and rituals that nonetheless vexation and threaten our usual performance. Prayers, church service, evangelization, meditation, and all other forms of rituals, can be detrimental to our inner being if the habits become the central focus of our lives.Ritualistic prayers, scripture reading, meditation, and even yoga, if done according to our objectives that they can thus fix the mess in our lives, could disturb the normal events and circumstances of our daily lives. These habits could become a scripture, one that rigidly forces a person to be completely obedient to follow rules, standards, and even commandments from the Holy Books.This kind of behavior needs psychological treatment when th e person is no longer attach to the surrounding around him, when he has completely forgotten and neglected the undeniable things needed for his physical and emotional health.An extreme devotion to attain spiritual satisfaction provokes a person to defend his god, his religion, and his beliefs. This is not kind or healthy at all for the social aspects of a person be give birth he would feel extreme rage, anger, fear, and hatred towards mortal or something that does not agree with his beliefs.If he sees the world as somewhat different and far from his birth point of view, he withdraws from social and physical contacts, to the point of depriving himself of the intimacy of love, friendship, and romance. This attitude requires psychological treatment when an individual possesses uncontrollable angry behaviors that are not logical at all. If untreated, this feeling of defensiveness could provoke him to engage not only in verbal attacks, but in physical ones as well.There is also the st ruggle for superiority, which is not at all unrelated to perfection. When one struggles to be superior and is obsessed with achieving it, he develops this false image of himself as the chosen one, the messenger of God, or that someone who has been in close contact with God. Having this image is a selfish and self-righteous way to declare superiority because it sprang from an illusion, and not from reality.This attitude has reportedly been the cause of many religious scandals in the past, especially when a person has reaches the point where he denies and hates himself for being human. Psychologists consider it as a serious psychological disorder when this led a person to change something in himself, to the point of hurting his body physically or changing or removing his sexuality.When all these self-expressions of faith become a nasty habit that destroys the physical, emotional, and mental aspects, a call for immediate psychological treatment is necessary. Addiction, subsequently al l, is a very hard habit to break and to forget, one that requires a lengthy process and full cooperation (Slobodzien, n. d.).There are existing religious groups, which some have been labeled as cults, that demand and control the followers to give up something or everything of themselves just to please the god of their worship (Emick, 2007). Some have been too controversial enough to be ignored by the press and the people. Their once discreet way of handling the people have been exposed and have shown their twisted concept that human emotion, feelings, and sensations are not godly, divine, and sacred.Thus, punishing themselves physically for being human. These groups, led by a leader who primarily pushes the followers to be strictly perfect in every sense of their faith, have received harsh critics and judgments both from the medical and non-medical world.Psychology knows best the treatment of one addicted to religion. It is not easy to remove the religious and prejudicial habits o f worship without looking at an individuals personal background. A persons roots are always the best way and place to start in treating his unusual habits. What are the persons family upbringing, his social environment, and even his spiritual and religious beliefs?These questions would certainly point the painful truth and causes behind his addiction and bizarre forms of worship. A psychological treatment is necessary when a religious person has finally lost his ability to think and to reason rationally and objectively and when he has developed a certain obsession towards a ritual or a habit that he finds hard to control and stop.In some cases, religious addiction has reached the worst scenario when the health and normal behavioral habits, like eating and sleeping, have been badly affected. Some experiences severe body pains or headaches that are the results of pushing themselves hard to perform certain rituals.Treating religious addiction, like any psychological disorder, essentia l be completely understood in order to determine its origins or the factors that caused its development. Counseling is primarily the basic step. It is through talk therapy that the person starts or slowly opens up his own behaviors and the reasons he does them.Psychotherapy, or any other psychological therapy, would enable an individual to share his own views, feelings, and ideas without being contradicted or discriminated. Through unremitting therapy, many individuals achieve success in treating and understanding their unusual behaviors. Hearing advice and counsel from psychologists or therapies is also a very effective way in overcoming the addiction.In cases when a patient has been declared mentally disturbed, physically unable to care for himself, or has the tendency to harm himself or other people due to his addiction, rehabilitation is the better treatment. Other alternative treatments that are considered helpful and effective are therapeutic activities that implicate the u se of mind and body to perform well. Self-help groups or group counseling are also beneficial.ReferencesEmick, J. (2007). newly Religions in the twentieth century. Alternative Religions.Retrieved Jan 17, 2006 from http//altreligion.about.com/library/weekly/aa042702a.htm?terms=new+centuryRyan, D. S. and VanVonderen, J. (2000). When Religion Goes Bad, break down 2Religious Addiction. Spiritual Abuse Recovery Resources. Retrieved Jan 17, 2006 from http//www.spiritualabuse.com/dox/gobad2.htmSlobodzien, J. (no date). Religious Fanaticism and Poly-behavioral Addiction. The Cauldron A cultural Forum. Retrieved Jan 17, 2006 fromhttp//www.ecauldron.com/articles/archives/2006/05/entry_51.php

Dawn Muscroft Essay

The purpose of this report is to show an analysis of the use and responsibilities of instructors, incorporating more or less research topics including codes of practice, and also the boundaries and relationship between the training role and separate professional roles. The report will also show the roles of initial and diagnostic judgings.My own role and responsibility in education and procreationBlatchford (2013) identifies that regarding professional conduct, a teacher is expected to show high standards, uphold public trust, act inside the statutory frame hits, and restrain a proper and professional regard for ethos, policies and practices within the establishment in which they teach. As an Employ might Skills Tutor, my roles and responsibilities can vary from session to session, although the fundamental rules apply daily. These include carrying out initial diagnostics, supply lessons, and preparing resources. Machin, Hindmarsh, Murray and Richardson (2013) refer that sc holar should be motivated by the teacher or tutor to develop both their ability and their aspirations to learn. Person aloney, I believe that my role is not just nigh the direction of the subject matter. It goes a portion deeper into promoting favorable inclusions, working together, steering and supporting each other(a)s ideas, and identifying individual deprivations. These be shown in the Teacher development cycle identified by Ann Gravells (2012)Identification of needThe need of the scholarly person is often gained by means of discussion, and through initial diagnostics relating to maths and English capabilities. The discussion between the learner and the teacher helps both parties to create whether this is the right product line, with the right materials and resource to succeed. Planning and DesignOne the identification of needs has been identified, then the supplying and design of the individuals acquirement can begin. It is often a beneficial exercise to issue a larn style questionnaire suck as VAK, in order to identify the strongest learning styles and plan lesson to match those styles, much(prenominal)(prenominal) as kinaesthetic which is translated into touching and doing.Delivery/FacilitationOnce a teacher is aw are of the variation of learning styles with a class setting, then the delivery can be adapted to meet those styles to suit the lesson. If or so learners prefer to be holds on, then a simple flipchart exercise can be agreed. This will also assist those who visual learners, as the flipchart can be presented back and also fix on display, and these learners who are auditory learners can listen to the information presented back to them. judicial opinionThroughout the course, the teacher should be continually assessing the learners to view full at a lower placestanding of the subject and the course work involved. This can be done in a number of ways, including small written work, looking at grammar and punctuation skills.Eva luationThe teacher should also be continually evaluating the standard of the lesson, to see whether they are world successful in their approach to the class style of learning. Again, this should be adapted to reach all of the students.My learners curb come onto the course as they have been unemployed for some time, and have often lost their presumption in their abilities and strengths. It is part of my role to instil those characteristics back into the learners, and guide them into the interview process. There are of courseboundaries that are in confideBoundariesAs a teacher or tutor, you must always adjudge your boundaries. If learner sees you as more of a friend, then they may feel that they can push those boundaries with regards to lateness, contrasted language, or general inappropriate behaviour. The boundaries between the teaching role and other professional roles are mingy together. For instance within other professions such as youth worker, the role becomes that of a mentor, guide and numeric counsellor, and often learners can express themselves in a more open manner. Within the nursing profession, the role becomes more of an observer for vital signs, listener, and carer. However, within the teaching role, there must be a understand boundary regarding the relationship. You are the leader, the one with the knowledge of the subject matter. Therefore, you should be entery to teach all students, and become involved in their study life sentence whilst maintaining and appropriate distance from their out of study life.RelationshipsThe relationship between the teacher and the learner should always remain professional. In the world of technology such as Facebook, it would be unsuitable for the teacher and the learner to become involved in each others personal lives, as this can impact into the teaching or any potential corrective processes than may need to be addressed.Before any actual classroom teaching can meditate place, initial and diagnostic assessments must be carried out. These are paramount in agreeing individual learning goals, and planning the progression of the learner with the teacher.Initial sound judgmentFrom the very beginning of the course, teachers should begin to analyse their learners through initial assessment methods. The assessments best suited toguide make betterments in student learning are quizzes, tests, indite assignments, and other assessments such as a group activity. These can easily give the teacher/tutor an perceptiveness into the learning needs of the learners. Also self-assessments such as the VAK (Visual, Auditory, and Kinaesthetic) learning styles questionnaire can also highlight the learners preferences to learning, as well as highlighting their understanding of the course that they are initiate.Diagnostic Assessmentbksb is the UKs most popular online Functional Skills Solution. Last year, over 1.2 million individual learners used bksb to improve their Functional Skills in English, ma ths and ICT. In the 19 year history, over 25 million learners have receiptsted from our easy-to-use online assessments and learning resources. This type of diagnostic assessment is useful within the teaching arena, as it highlights areas where the learner would benefit from extra support, or further training. During some courses, the initial and diagnostics assessments can be varied. My own determine of both initial and diagnostic assessments has been mixed as a reviewing tool.During spelling tests and grammatical sheets that needed writing on, my learning style as a visual learner was put to use, as I could read and re read the paper, and check the work that I had completed in both the English and the mathematical pieces. However, when it came to the bksb diagnostics, I felt more rigid and nervous, as I also had to concentrate on my hand eye coordination, moving the mouse to where the correct section should be, the classroom environment that I was in during the session, and a num ber of distractions from others. I feel that the bksb did not public figure my self-confidence and this can be detrimental in some cases. Each learner will have their own learning style and it is the role of the teacher to adjust these diagnostics to meet all learners requirements.There are a number of legislation requirements for throng within the education sector, and below lists some of those pointsHealth and SafetyThe Health and Safety at lap up Act 1974, describes duties of employers and employees. The most important is to make safe a place of work. The main rules are to take for granted care and not to injure yourself and others.to teach people to recognize symbols of dangerto make safe place of work/ safe accesses to and from place of work to supply free protective equipmentto have guess assessmentto have general safe policyto ensure safe in areas of specific kind of risk like chemical, electrical, biological, physical area to ensure lit and ventilationto report injuries and near missesto follow peculiar(a) regulation like COSHH factsheet, fire extinguishers factsheet, risk assessment factsheet, safety signs factsheetEquality and DiversityAll organisations and teaching establishments now have an obligation to ensure equality and diversity is paramount to all learners. Acas (the Advisory, Conciliation and arbitration Service), has a number of publications regarding the Equality Act 2010, and highlights the following protected characteristics *Age*Gender Reassignment*Disability* marriage and Civil Partnership*Pregnancy and Maternity*Race*Religion or Belief*Sex* cozy OrientationThe characteristics are protected against any form of discrimination. The implications for the teacherData auspicesThe data Protection Act 1974 covers a wide range of confidentiality unfreezes.However, within the teaching sector the points most relevant are You must only collect information that you need for a specific reason The information must be kept secureThe informati on should be relevant and up to dateSafeguardingDearne Valley College, quotation mark the following within their policy (Ref S) Section 175 of the Education Act (2002) which requires FE colleges to make arrangements to ensure their functions are carried out in ways that ensure the safeguarding and welfare of children and young people, taking into account the guidance issued by the Secretary of State in considering what arrangements they need to make. minorren Act (2004) Section 11 places a art on local authorities and any person providing services in pursuance of section 74 of the Education and Skills Act 2008 to make arrangements with relevant agencies to cooperate to safeguard and promote the welfare of children (ie people under the age of 18).Every Child Matters Change for Children (2004) set out the national framework for change programmes to build services around the needs of children and young people to maximise opportunity and minimise risk.Working unitedly to Safeguard Ch ildren (Dept for Education March 2013) states that all agencies and individuals should proactively aim to safeguard and promote the welfare of children so that the need for action to protect children from harm is reduced.Safeguarding Vulnerable Groups Act (HM political science 2006) provides legislative framework for the vetting and barring plot for those working with children and vulnerable adults. It is the governments response to Recommendation 19 of the Bichard enquiry 2004.Safeguarding Children and Safer Recruitment in Education (Dept for Education 15/10/12) this is the updated version which looks at the recruitment and selection process.The Disclosure and exclude Service (HM Government website 15/11/13) sets out the guidelines of the scheme which aims to prevent unsuitable people from undertaking certain paid or volunteer work with children or vulnerable adultsNo Secrets Guidance (HM Government 2000 reviewed 2009) and related South Yorkshire policy Safer practice, safer lear ning (NIACE December 2007) homophile RightsCitizens of the UK have certain fundamental clement rights which government and public authorities are legally obliged to respect. These became law as part of the Human Rights Act 1998. Some of the most applicable human rights in a teaching environment are the right to life (respect commitments of learners)freedom from degrading treatment (disrespecting learners)the right to liberty (freedom of expression within social limits) the right not to be discriminated against (promoting diversity and equal opportunity) the right to an education (the right to a picturesque education)Codes of PracticeThe institute for Learning, or IFL as it is better known, is the independent, member-led professional body for teachers, trainers, tutors, assessors and other professionals working crosswise a variety of sectors, including sixth form colleges, further education colleges, and work based learning. It holds a armament of information regarding teaching pr actice, and has a number of resources within the website. Teaching staff can learn about mew policies as they change, and can become members of the IFL. The IFL code of practice came into force in 2008. This covers the following points rightfulnessRespectCarePracticeDisclosureResponsibilityAs with all the above legislative requirements, the consequences to both the tutor and the student could be catastrophic. For instance, should a learner be having personal issues such as abuse, and is not performing the tasks or work set in the classroom, then it is the tutors responsibility to ensure that they address the issue with the leaner in an empathetic and confidential way, thus getting to the core of the problem, and not assuming that the student does not have the capability to do the work. Misreading any signs of such behaviour could result in the student become more and more withdrawn and possibly losing their place at the teaching establishment, strictly based on the lack of support he or she has received.The initial training and on-going publications within the teaching establishment will enable the tutor to understand and comprehend the signs of any behavioural issues, whilst maintaining their knowledge of the legal requirements when teaching a class.BibliographyAcas www.acas.org.ukBKSB http//www.bksb.co.ukBlachford, R. (2013) The 2012 Teachers standards in the classroom. London. Sage Learning Matters.Dearne Valley College https//gateway.dearne-coll.ac.uk/qualityframework/,DanaInfo=dvc-intranet.dearne-coll.ac.uk+doclist.asp?id=S&title=Safeguarding Every Child Matters http//www.everychildmatters.gov.uk/Gov.uk http//www.direct.gov.uk/en/Employment/DiscriminationAtWork/DG_10026449 Gov.uk http//www.direct.gov.uk/en/Employment/DiscriminationAtWork/DG_10026667 Gov.uk http//www.direct.gov.uk/en/Employment/DiscriminationAtWork/DG_10026429 Gov.uk http//www.dh.gov.uk/en/SocialCare/Deliveringadultsocialcare/Vulnerableadults/DH_4118919 Gov.uk http//www.direct.gov .uk/en/DisabledPeople/RightsAndObligations/DisabilityRights/DG_4001068 Gov.uk http//www.direct.gov.uk/en/Governmentcitizensandrights/index.htm?cids=Google_PPC&cre=Government_Citizens_Rights Gov.uk http//www.direct.gov.uk/en/Parents/Schoolslearninganddevelopment/YourChildsWelfareAtSchool/DG_4016097 Gov.uk -http//www.ico.gov.uk/Home/what_we_cover/data_protection.aspx Gravells, A. (2012). Preparing to teach in the lifelong learning Sector. 5th ed. London. Sage Learning Matters.IFL http//www.ifl.ac.ukMachin, L, Hindmarsh. D, Murray, S. Richardson, T. (2013) A complete guide to the level 4 certificate in Education. 1st ed. At Albans. Critical Publishing Ltd.Wilson,L.((2014)Practical Teaching, A Guide to teaching in the education and training sector. Andover, Hampshire. Cengage Learning.

Agriculture and Animal Farming

factory farm has been the major source of human survival and component of economic development worldwide. Its productivity increases efficiently ascribable to factors including fertilizers utilization, hybrid strains development, and advance farm management practices (Trautmann, Porter, & Wagenet).The most often studied contamination source in agriculture is usually related to organic consequences such as animal manure, bedding, feed left-over, and animals corpses.As a matter of fact, in United States, a study estimated that agriculture generates around 112 million of dry manure per yr that results to the most abundant waste product of the industry, which is about 80, 000 lbs/year of swine-related manure per 1000 animal large number (Gaechter).In these modern days, the water is a great factor in agriculture, animal farming, and irrigation. A study do by USDA and estimated on Agricultural Census that around 11 million of irrigated acres in 1997 were utilise to raise crops that were used for animal feed production.Because of this, a large amount of water is mixed-up in relation to irrigation and evaporation due to exposure to atmosphere and only a fraction is used for purely vegetation production (Gaechter).Some modern practices cause damage to soil and water resources, in milieu as a whole. Among its impacts that affect verdant productivity include soil erosion, excessive surface outpouring (resulting to soil under-nutrition), and nutrient-lost in fertilizers due to chemical properties and reactions (Trautmann, Porter, & Wagenet).Due to global warming, the industry also faces water conservation jazz due to limited water supply especially in irrigation.Due to some effects of modern agricultural practices to human and environment, it is recommended to utilize people-centered approach in projects of livestock development to reduce poverty, defend environmental sustainability, take in charge food security, and encourage animal welfare.Moreover, the awar eness in utilizing chemical products must be observed to cheer the welfare of the environment, animals, and consumers.References1997 census of agriculture United States Summary and State Data (AC97-A-51). (1999). Retrieved. from National Agricultural Statistics Service.Gaechter, L. environmental Implications of Modern Animal Agriculture Save the Planet with your Fork. Retrieved May 6, 2007, from http//www.veganoutreach.org/whyvegan/gaechter.htmlTrautmann, N. M., Porter, K. S., & Wagenet, R. J. Modern Agriculture Its Effects on the Environment. Retrieved May 6, 2007, from http//pmep.cce.cornell.edu/facts-slides-self/facts/mod-ag-grw85.html

Cousin vinny

Thank you. The scene Director Jonathan Lynn Plot Us Mary Bill gaming and Stanley Retentions are both friends from New York University who just received scholarships to UCLA They decide to drive throw GHz the South. erst they arrive in Alabama, they stop at a local convenience store to pick up a few snacks. But, no sooner than they leave the store, they are arrested. They had thought that they were arrested for shoplifting, but they were arrested for mum run and robbery.Worse, they are facing execution for this crime. Bill and Stan do not have enough money for a lawyer, so the good news is that Bill has a lawyer in his FAA mill, his cousin, Vincent Laggardly Gambling. The bad news is that Finny is an unpaid n ceded lavayear who has not been at a trial. So, Finny has to defend his clients and beat lee an uncompromising judge, many tough locals, and even his fiancee, Mona Lisa Vi to, who just does not know when to shut up, to prove his clients innocence.But he w ill soon realiz e that he is going to need help. Personal Response Primarily, I thought the film was very funny. I loved the actor/ actress and the overall storyline was great. L liked the movie because it was comical while also being s errors at mom points. Loved the relationship among Finny and Lisa they were funny together however, they helped each other throughout the film no matter how much the centre argued .It honestly had to be the best part Of the movie for me because even though t hey argued constantly you could nevertheless tell that the two bought out the best in one a another. I kind of had a feeling that if Vinson the case it would be in part because of help from sis because the whole time she was so adamant in trying to help him win. So when she showed him the photos I had an idea that something in them would be the kicker to gambling the case around completely, and thats exactly what happened.I loved the e fact that Finny turned out to be a good lawyer, and that the case was won . There wasnt much that I disliked about the film, the only problem I had was n the beginning where there were many unnecessary misunderstandings such as w why the two young men were being convicted and how Finny came into the picture. I din understand the reason that the two boys were getting arrested for something they didnt do because they were in like manner stupid to ask what they were being arrested for, an d the cop didnt bother to tell them until they got there.

Synergetic Solutions Report

The cooperative solutions simulation helps in deciding what steps need to be taken to help the company keep an eye on in the net melt downing solutions market. There were different strategies that could be implemented, and also actions plans to take in making the company successful. In cases where productivity increases absenteeism was on the decline. This simulation exclusively in allows for the identification of internal as well as external forces or change in cooperative solutions. The forms of communication needed to implement changes, the different levels of resistance the company result face, and the strategies leaders will have to employ to manage the different levels of resistance. Internal and out-of-door ForcesCompanies deal with many a(prenominal) internal as well as external forces on a day to day basis. External forces can include technology, customer demands, and competitors. Internal forces include working in a positive work environment, communication, and tid y sum within the company. Businesses including Synergetic have to make sure they be able to keep up with all the latest technologies to keep their business ahead of differents.Customer demand can put a bus of stress on companies from having to stay ahead of competitors. Competitors can keep companies on their toes, and since the next move is never known staying ahead of the game is a must. Positive work environment is important beca intent the behavior of other employees can influence other individuals behaviors. Communication is always a good social function and it makes plurality smack like they have a voice. Working with a great company of Factors to down ChangeKotter has eight steps that help when implementing change within a company.First of all people would inadequacy to be given a great example of how change will be for the good of the company. In addition, leaders will need to have enough power and drive to actually make the changes. Employers should be able to crea te sights and set goals to ensure that visions will be reached in the long run.Management at synergetic solutions should communicate the vision as well as encourage others that it will work and they should go on with it. Rewarding individuals for starting lineing on board with changes and adhering to all its entities will make other indigence to jump on the band wagon as well. Companies must make all necessary changes to new vision so that it will be successful. Finally, reinforcing changes and demonstrating behaviors and success are important (Kotter).Changes to CompanyThere were three different scenarios where decisions for the company were found on my opinion. In September, strategies that would help the company would be to remediate workflow efficiencies and employee interaction. We would also need to improve organizational effectiveness and employee well-being. Making these social occasions happen would mean the company would need to hire two individuals with applicable experience and certifications in networking design technologies. In addition, the synergetic solutions would need to outsource non critical tasks and business memberes to bowdlerise effort expended on projects (University of Phoenix, 2002).For the month of December we are going to reorganize the organizational structure and hierarchy, and drop in new technologies and tools. Charting a restructure plan and holding meetings to allow employees to voice concerns, and scheduling breeding for employees that need addition attention will help the company overall. When productivity goes up the percentage of absenteeism decreases with shows everyone is will to do the work (University of Phoenix, 2002). In the final month as the company improves project accountability and erect processes. We as a company are able to focus on project performance, and encourage process improvements (University of Phoenix, 2002).ResistanceSynergetic solutions may see resistance both on an individual level a s well as group level resistance. In my opinion, when individuals go work for acompany they are assigned real tasks to complete. Over the course of time they may feel these are the only things that should be done. When change comes to companies it makes people feel different kinds of ways in regard to change. On the individual stand point people are not willing to change because they are not sure of the outcome. Sometimes change is a good thing, while other times it can be bad for everyone.Five kinds of ResistancePeople have a leaning to resist things based off of things such as habits, fear of the unknown, feelings of security, many economic factors, and also group inertia. The saying goes old habits never die young, and this is something that many people may believe. When people become use to doing things one way, they are more reluctant to change. In addition, some employees may fear whether or not the change will be good or bad for them.Changes can also cause employees to dri ft off the feeling of security within a place of employment. In addition, economic factors play a habit in the aspect of if the new task assigned is not completed correctly ponders may be lost to individuals (Kotter). The final type of resistance is called group inertia and this happens when even though individuals may want to change, it is normal to just go on with group norms.Strategies to Manage ResistanceThere are ways to help facilitate in the process of making people feel better when being reluctant. Management can itemize workers why they feel the company needs changes, and why those changes will be good for the company. If employees have questions they should feel comfortable coming to talk to management about things so it can be discussed further. Educating employees about all the necessary changes will allow employers to explain things, and point out all the positive reasons for change (Kotter). When employees are not comfortable with change offering training can be a great thing because it allows the opportunity to take on new things. An employee will be more likely to go along with change under the leadership of they can trust.ConclusionThe results of my individual performance at Synergetic shows that my decisions lead to a total revenue growth of over 6,050,000 with a networking revenue of eighty percent. The message from Harold Redd, CEO says that by mydecisions the company has a launch pad to succeed in the networking solutions market. Even though not all the decisions made were the best, my ability to overcome those decisions. Leadership and ability to manage change has enabled the company to boost revenue. In addition, they are also now recognized as a design hothouse in the patience (University of Phoenix, 2002). The decisions made for company were not what everyone may think are right, but the simulation shows those decisions still got the job done.

A girl named Maria Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

A girl named maria - Essay ExampleIt has been believed that trusted individuals have specific roles to play in society. During the ancient times, males were already considered as the providers and protectors of their families and their tribes. Females had the role of taking parcel out of the children and the home.Patriarchy, which was the setup during the olden days up until centuries ago, is the sociological condition wherein the males be considered to be more preponderant than the females. More often than not, in this particular type of social setup, males are those in positions of power and roll in the hay more rights than the females. The society is said to be reigned by either a single male or a group of males. Females, including children, as a result of this type of social organization, are then constrained to assume subordinate roles.In Latin America, the culture has been fermentd by several other cultures, mainly by the Europeans and the Africans. N iodintheless, h unm atchedst uniform any other society and culture, which have the tendency to evolve finished time, patriarchy in Latin America has already experienced a decline, giving females much more power and responsibility, in some manner offering them a more solid stand as to their place in society.On the other hand, other pressing issue worldwide, which also takes place in marias story, is political decadency. In its very sense, political corruption is the improper use of presidential term or political power, usually for personal gain. No form of government is safe from corruption. Though it may display itself in different manners, the most common manifestations are patronage, bribery, extortion, influence peddling, fraud, embezzlement, and nepotism (Wikipedia, 2006).When a country is experiencing political corruption, it will be much more difficult for the country to progress, including its citizens. not only does it compromise the general development of the country, but its development in all other aspects as well.With the political and economic status of Colombia, it is imminent that its citizens will suffer the consequences of other peoples actions, with Maria being one perfect example of such an individual. Living in a patriarchal society, she is un able-bodied to exercise her rights in the fullest sense, as women are not controln that much power, voice, and opportunities. Coupled with the kind of poverty that Maria and her family are experiencing, it is not surprising that she will want to look elsewhere for other opportunities, in order to give herself, her future child, and her family a better life than what they have at present, and something that they most definitely deserve. Just like any other person who is under extreme poverty, Maria made a quick life-changing finality without weighing the consequences and understanding the possible risks involved. She was only focused on the goal of earning more money through a seemingly easy job in order to uplift herself and her familys status in life.The painting Maria Full of Grace gives an initial impression of the movie being of a religious sort. However, when one takes a second look at it, realizations of the real meaning and the true story come out. Maria Full of Grace is a story of a young woman who embarks on a excursion from her present life at Colombia to the possibility of a better life in New York.Maria Alvarez, the heroine of the story, is a newly-pregnant 17-year-old who lives with her family in Colombia. With her job removing thorns off roses in the farm, she supports those in her family who are financially dependent on her, what with her meager wage. However, just like any other person who is experiencing poverty, she wants more out of life. She wants to be able to escape the life that she is currently experiencing and move on to greener pastures, so to speak. Not only for

Development of Professionalism in new Registered Nurses Essay

Development of Professionalism in new Registered Nurses - Essay ExampleA welldressed appearance tends to transmit a higher level of knowledge and a sincere interest in advancement on the other hand, a disheveled worker gives the pictorial matter of being a disinterested, marginal per motleyer (Townsel, 1996).In general, some registered hold ups (RNs) go through been perceived to be relatively unconcerned to the highest degree first impressions because their employers often turn in policies that dictate dress codes and behaviors (Sullivan, 2004). As nurses move toward a professional practice, they are becoming more cognisant of how their appearance, behavior, and communication influence the first impressions of others.The first impression should be positive, communicating a message to others about the self. Initially, it communicates how the nurse feels and respects the self. Projecting a positive stunt man communicates that the nurse cares about herself or himself therefore, the impression is that he or she will take good care of me. While the primary concern of the nurse may not be about projecting a positive image, first impressions are an Copernican foundation in building a trusting relationship in a society that determine physical appearance (Arnold & Boggs, 2004 Navarra, Lipkowitz, & Navarra, 1990 Sullivan, 2004). Business professionals have known for years that professional image is an important picture to success. Numerous books and articles have been written about task attire and social skills. The closing of a business deal often relies on the relationships rather than the performance of excellent work. Because health care is a form of business, successful professionals must attract a stable, growing patient population in order to survive. Physicians have known for a long time that developing relationships with patients and projecting a positive universal image helps build a practice however, this may be a new experience for the entry-lev el nurse. Most nurses are institutional employees, but this does not change their professional status of responsibility and visibility. Nurses must consider the magnificence of the first impression, whether it is during their day-today practice, a job interview, a meeting, or a presentation. Additionally, nurses have an integral role in health care delivery in the United States, and they need to create a positive public image individually and collectively. Appearance, behavior, and communication have a cumulative effect on the professional image. The tendency of this article is todiscuss the nurses professional appearance, and behaviors relevant to securing a position, making a professional presentation, or participating in meetings. Historical Perspective Historically, dress and behavior for students and practicing nurses were dictated strongly by dress codes and strict corrective protocols developed by hospital administrators in charge of nurses (Kalisch & Kalisch, 1996). Person ality may have had little hazard to emerge from the starch white uniforms and pulled back hair donned in a white cap (Arnold & Boggs, 2004 Sullivan, 2004). However, multiplication have changed most nursing students today are thrilled with the independence and career opportunities that have evolved for nurses at multiple levels, including those in advanced practice nursing. As the professional nursing arena